An underlying analytical framework traverses the five seminars of this workshop: following Steffen Murau, the monetary system is thought of not as a neutral veil over the "real" economy, but as a hierarchical architecture of interlocking balance sheets in which every asset is someone else's liability. Money is created as credit and its "moneyness" depends on where a promise sits in the hierarchy, with US dollars at the apex. Through this lens, questions of elasticity and discipline that set the pace of credit and growth will be analyzed and discussed. We will then look at how far financial markets now reach into the economy, through shadow banking, asset-based welfare and capital flows that ignore national borders. This has reshaped growth models across advanced and emerging economies, increasing their dependence on a financial system that is inherently unstable. Finally, while some reform proposals attempt to fix the quirks of the current system, private monetary innovation is already rewriting the rules from below.